Which Other Fuels Are Used in Buses Today Instead of Petrol and Diesel?

Public transport has been transitioning from traditional petrol and diesel to more environmentally friendly alternatives. Bus fleets in the United States, parts of Europe, and India have adopted alternative fuels as a part of this shift. Some of the other fuels currently in use include compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and LPG

Several factors drive the adoption of CNG and LPG in bus fleets. These include the desire to reduce pollution, improve air quality, and lower operational costs. The experience in cities like Delhi, where buses are already running on CNG, demonstrates the benefits of these alternative fuels. For instance, switching from diesel and petrol to CNG in Delhi has significantly reduced the local pollution levels, contributing to a cleaner environment.

Electric Vehicles for Buses and Delivery Trucks

While CNG and LPG contribute to reducing emissions, the ultimate goal for many cities is to transition to electric buses. This shift is particularly evident in urban areas where the noise and pollution from internal combustion engines are most pronounced. In the coming years, the use of electric buses and delivery trucks is expected to grow, driven by advancements in battery technology and government incentives.

E-rickshaws and Urban Transport Solutions

The transition to electric solutions is not limited to large buses. In some cities, even smaller vehicles like e-rickshaws are becoming a viable alternative. For instance, in Delhi, the introduction of e-rickshaws aims to reduce the number of accidents and improve air quality. The Delhi government has set specific standards for these vehicles, such as a 48V 2000 Wp BLDC motor, a maximum payload of 4 passengers and 40 kg of luggage, a top speed not exceeding 25 km/h, and ICAT approval. However, in other parts of India, such as Konnagar, Sheoraphuli, Bandel, and areas near and around Basirhat, e-rickshaws may not require these specifications and can operate with a driving license alone.

Despite the benefits, the adoption of e-rickshaws faces some challenges. In Kolkata, the auto unions are opposing the electrification of rickshaws due to the significant financial difficulties in converting their petrol-powered vehicles to LPG. However, it is likely that these challenges will be overcome, and more rickshaws will eventually become electric.

The Role of Natural Gas and Electricity

Natural gas is a preferred fuel due to its relatively lower emission profile compared to petrol and diesel. Similarly, battery-powered buses are gaining traction as cities commit to reducing their carbon footprint. This shift to cleaner fuels is driven by both public and governmental efforts to combat climate change and improve air quality.

As cities around the world continue to evolve their transportation infrastructures, the use of alternative fuels and electric vehicles is becoming an integral part of the plan. The future of public transport lies in these innovations, and the transition to more sustainable fuels is well underway.