Firefighters: Do They Need Special Training to Drive Fire Engines?

It's often a surprising revelation for many to learn that not all firefighters are trained to drive fire engines. The term 'Engine' might trigger images of a car for those not familiar with firefighting lingo, but for professional firefighters, it specifically refers to the fire apparatus used to transport and deploy firefighters, equipment, and supplies to the scene of a fire or other emergency.

The Role of an Engineer in Firefighting

Not surprisingly, the role of driving a fire truck is reserved for individuals who are specifically trained, tested, and certified to operate such apparatus. In this context, drivers are referred to as 'Engineers' rather than the basic rank of 'Firefighter'. This structured process underscores the complex and specialized nature of the task and highlights the critical importance of this role.

An Engineer in firefighting is essentially a specialized Fire Engine Operator who has undergone rigorous training and certification. The rank of Engineer is a separate position, typically one rank below Captain. However, in some setups, the captain or senior firefighters are also licensed and capable of driving the engines. These qualified drivers are essential to ensure the safe and efficient deployment of firefighting resources.

Training and Certification Process

Entering this critical role is no small feat. Fire Engine Operators must undergo a comprehensive training program known as the Engine Operation Academy. Typically, this training lasts for about three weeks, which is around the same duration as a standard driver's license course. In some historical records, it might have been slightly shorter, averaging around two weeks during the 1980s.

This intensive training involves numerous aspects of fire engine operation, including:

Mechanical knowledge and operations, especially regarding the pump and hydraulic systems. Verbal and practical driving skills in diverse conditions, from urban highways to rural two-lanes. Bending and skidding maneuvers in controlled settings, such as skid pans and emergency maneuver tracks. Familiarity with state and federal laws and regulations related to emergency driving. Basic field maintenance skills for the fire engine.

Upon completing these modules, aspiring drivers must pass the state commercial driver's license (CDL) test with the appropriate endorsements. This test includes both a theoretical and a practical exam, often accompanied by a medical examination. Once licensed, these individuals are subject to random drug testing to ensure their readiness to operate the vehicle safely and effectively.

A critical aspect of becoming a certified Fire Engine Operator is gaining practical experience under supervision. Prospective drivers typically undergo a probationary period, during which a driver evaluator, usually a Captain, assesses their performance. This phase involves regular evaluations in real-world driving scenarios. A 'Task Book' is maintained, documenting the driver's progress and is checked off by the evaluator. Once the candidate has thoroughly demonstrated their capability and passed the final review by the qualifications panel, they are deemed fit to operate the engine independently.

Responsibilities and Risks

The role of a Fire Engine Operator is demanding and comes with significant responsibilities. Operating fire engines is far more complex than driving a standard car. Fire engines often weigh over 30,000 GVW (gross vehicle weight rating) and require extensive turning radii for sharp corners. This complexity necessitates a high degree of skill and precision.

Fire engines are incredibly expensive, often costing close to a million dollars, and represent a significant investment in taxpayer resources. Safety is paramount, and mismanagement of these assets can have dire consequences. Therefore, the agency places a high value on the appropriate training and certification of their Fire Engine Operators.

Off-duty incidents, such as a driver's DWI (driving while intoxicated) or excessive traffic violations, can result in disciplinary action or even dismissal from the position. Maintaining these certifications is not just a formality; it's a critical component of ensuring public safety.

To summarize, while firefighting is a team effort involving various roles, the task of driving fire engines is reserved for a select few who have undergone specialized training and certification. These individuals are critical to the efficient and effective operation of fire departments, safeguarding lives and property with the vehicle that embodies their mission.