Ford Power Steering Fluid: Year Specifics and Transition to Electric Assist

When discussing power steering fluid for Ford vehicles, it's important to consider the specific year and model of your vehicle. Ford has experienced a significant transition in recent years, moving away from the traditional use of power steering fluid to electric assist systems. Let's explore the details.

Understanding Power Steering Systems in Ford Vehicles

Power steering systems in Ford vehicles play a crucial role in ensuring a smooth and reliable driving experience. These systems are designed to make turning the steering wheel easier by redirecting hydraulic or electrical assistance. The type of power steering system used can vary based on the year and model of the vehicle.

Traditional Power Steering Systems

Before the shift to electric systems, Ford predominantly used hydraulic power steering systems. These systems rely on a fluid-filled power steering pump to reroute fluid and increase the steering assist. For a traditional hydraulic system, the correct type of power steering fluid is essential for optimal performance and safety. Common fluids used by Ford include:

Castrol Power MAX Havoline Equitarn

It is important to refer to your vehicle's owner's manual or perform a thorough internet search for the specific fluid recommendation for your exact model year. Proper maintenance of the fluid level and viscosity is crucial to ensure that your steering system operates smoothly and safely.

Transition to Electric Power Steering

Beginning around 2008, Ford began phasing out traditional hydraulic power steering systems in favor of electric power steering (EPS) systems. These systems use an electric motor to provide assistance, eliminating the need for power steering fluid entirely. EPS systems offer several advantages, such as improved fuel efficiency, reduced maintenance requirements, and enhanced vehicle stability. Some models that have shifted to EPS include:

Ford Focus Ford Mustang Ford Escape

In EPS systems, there is no fluid to maintain, as the electric motor takes over the task of steering assist. Instead, regular checks and maintenance include:

Inspecting the steering rack and fluid level (for dual pump systems) Checking the motor and sensors for any signs of wear or malfunction Performing routine checks on the steering system by your local dealership or certified mechanic

Key Considerations for Ford Power Steering Fluid and Maintenance

No matter which type of power steering system your Ford vehicle uses, proper maintenance is crucial. For traditional hydraulic systems, regular fluid checks and top-ups are necessary. Follow these steps:

Locate the power steering fluid reservoir, typically under the hood Check the fluid level with the engine turned off and the vehicle placed on a level surface Add the recommended fluid if the level is below the 'Full' mark Check the fluid color and consistency for any signs of contamination or degradation

For vehicles with EPS systems, while there is no fluid to maintain, regular service and inspections are still necessary. These may include:

Checking the steering system for fluid leaks (relevant to some dual pump systems) Monitoring the EPS system warning lights on the dashboard for any issues Ensuring that the battery is charged (since EPS systems rely on electrical power)

Conclusion

How Ford uses power steering fluid varies significantly depending on the model and year of your vehicle. While traditional hydraulic systems require regular care and fluid maintenance, newer electric systems offer a simpler and more efficient alternative. Understanding the differences between these systems can help you make informed decisions about the maintenance needed to keep your Ford vehicle running smoothly.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

When did Ford start using electric power steering? Ford began transitioning to electric power steering systems around 2008 for several of their models. Do I need to change the power steering fluid in an electric assist system? No, electric power steering systems do not use power steering fluid and do not require regular fluid changes. What are the advantages of electric power steering over hydraulic systems? Electric power steering can improve fuel efficiency, reduce maintenance requirements, and enhance overall vehicle stability.

References

For more detailed information, refer to the following resources:

Ford Vehicle Manuals Local Ford Dealership Service Manuals Shell Lubricants (for specific fluid recommendations)