Life on the Deck of a Cargo Ship: A Comprehensive Guide

Working on the deck of a cargo ship is no ordinary job. It involves a unique set of responsibilities, risks, and rewards. This article delves into the intricacies of life and duties for those who serve on a cargo ship's deck, from ordinary seamen to experienced Able Bodied Seamen and even Captains.

Understanding the Deck Crew Classification

The term 'deckhand' is not commonly used in the maritime industry. Instead, the entry-level position is known as an Ordinary Seaman (OS). To work aboard any ship in the U.S., one must have a document from the US Coast Guard (USCG). These individuals typically work in a four-hour shift, divided into standby, lookout, and steering duties. This cycle repeats twice a day, amounting to an 8-hour day.

Upon gaining sufficient experience, these seamen can advance to the rank of an Able Bodied Seaman (AB). Higher ratings and command positions, such as a Captain, are reserved for those who have performed their duties admirably for extended periods.

Types of Cargo Ships and Their Duties

The nature of work on a cargo ship's deck greatly depends on the type of vessel. There are several kinds of cargo ships, including Tankers, Container Ships, and Breakbulk Ships. Each type faces unique challenges and requires specific skills and duties.

Tankers primarily handle liquid cargoes such as crude oil, refined petroleum, liquefied natural gas (LNG), and chemical products. The deck crew is responsible for securing the tanks, ensuring cargo is properly stowed, and maintaining the integrity of the ship's structure under load. Container Ships transport maritime cargo in standard-size containers. Staff engaged in deck operations include those tasked with unloading and stacking containers at port terminals. Their work involves ensuring cargo security, checking for damage, and securing containers for sea transport. Breakbulk Ships carry a wide variety of bulky and oversized cargo, such as machinery, vehicles, and construction materials. The crew must be particularly adept at cargo handling, loading, and unloading operations, often involving hands-on, demanding labor.

In addition to cargo handling, deckhands perform maintenance tasks such as chipping, painting, and greasing. These activities help keep the ship in optimal condition and are crucial for safety and efficiency.

Work Schedule and Lifestyle

The traditional work schedule for deck hands and crew members involves working in shifts. For the most part, crew members work on for 4 hours and then have 8 hours off, often for months on end. While this schedule provides structured downtime, it also means long stretches of time away from land and the conveniences of urban life.

In recent years, the time spent in port has significantly decreased. Now, many ships dock far away from town, making it harder and more expensive to go ashore or move around. The bulk of the work is done at sea, with the crew tending to cargo, mooring lines, anchoring, and underway steering. When not on duty, deck hands often have limited recreational activities and must adapt to a demanding and sometimes monotonous environment.

Life Off the Ship

For those on extended voyages, the downtime is often spent in leisure. Being able to work off-duty is a cherished perk, providing much-needed relaxation and time to rest. In contrast, deck hands appreciate the safety and stability that come from performing their duties after rigorous training and certification. The camaraderie among crew members is another highlight of deck work, creating a sense of brotherhood and teamwork.

While the life of a deck hand on a cargo ship is physically and mentally demanding, the rewards can be immense. The opportunity to travel the world, experience different cultures, and work alongside skilled professionals makes this career choice a fulfilling one for many. However, it requires a strong constitution, unwavering determination, and a commitment to continual self-improvement and training.

In conclusion, working on the deck of a cargo ship is a challenging but rewarding profession. From the rigorous shift work to the demanding maintenance tasks, each day presents new opportunities to learn and grow. Whether as an Ordinary Seaman, Able Bodied Seaman, or Captain, life on a cargo ship is a journey that is both challenging and enriching.