Why Zurich’s Main Railway Station Features Inclined Elevators

When approaching Zurich's main railway station, Zürich Hauptbahnhof (HB), one might notice the unique design of the inclined elevators. These elevators serve an important purpose in managing the complex organization of the station, making it efficient, accessible, and visually appealing. In this article, we delve into the reasons behind the choice of using inclined elevators in such a densely urban environment.

Space Efficiency

One of the primary reasons for the incline design is space efficiency. Traditional vertical elevators can take up significant area within a station, but inclined elevators offer a more compact solution. In a busy urban setting where every square meter is precious, the ability to maximize the use of available space is crucial. This feature not only optimizes the station’s layout but also enhances the overall functionality and convenience of the building.

Accessibility

Inclined elevators provide an easier and safer alternative for passengers with mobility challenges, such as using wheelchairs or carrying heavy luggage. The smooth transition between different levels eliminates stairs, which can be a significant barrier for people with mobility issues. This design not only promotes inclusivity but also ensures a better user experience for all travelers.

Flow of Traffic

The design of inclined elevators also helps manage passenger flow effectively, especially during peak travel times. Unlike stairs or conventional elevators, the incline allows for a continuous movement of people, reducing bottlenecks and improving overall efficiency. This means fewer wait times and smoother transitions between platforms and concourses, contributing to a more pleasant travel experience for all passengers.

Aesthetic Appeal

Inclined elevators add a modern and sleek touch to the station's architectural design. By blending functionality with aesthetics, these elevators contribute to the overall modern aesthetic, making the station a standout landmark in the city. The design is not only practical but also visually pleasing, enhancing the station's reputation and appeal.

Technical Considerations

The design of the inclined elevators at Zürich Hauptbahnhof can be attributed to several technical considerations. The platforms for the new underground stations are wider than those of the existing overground platforms. As a result, SBB (Swiss Federal Railways) could not build elevators from the center of the underground platform to the center of the overground platform. This limitation required a more intricate solution to connect passengers between different levels.

The key reason for the steeply inclined elevators is that tracks 31 and 32 connect directly to the entrance of the overground station (tracks 3), while tracks 33 and 34 connect to tracks 8 and 9. The platforms in between tracks 6 and 7 and tracks 4 and 5 are not directly served by the underground elevators. Therefore, to move from tracks 31 and 32 to tracks 4 and 5, passengers must first use the inclined elevator to reach the Zwischengeschoss (mezzanine) and then use a normal elevator to reach the overground platform.

From a technical standpoint, this design allows for efficient connectivity between outer underground platforms and the entrance of the overground station. Each inclined elevator connects two underground tracks with four overground tracks, thereby increasing passenger throughput. Additionally, having four overground tracks to serve two underground ones ensures a balanced distribution of traffic and enhances the overall efficiency of the station.

Conclusion

The decision to include inclined elevators in Zurich's main railway station reflects a thoughtful approach to urban transit design. By prioritizing convenience, accessibility, and efficient use of space, SBB has created a station that meets the needs of a diverse and growing population. The intricate technical considerations and the thoughtful design of the inclined elevators make Zürich Hauptbahnhof a model of modern transit architecture.