The Good Cop/Bad Cop Scheme: A Fictional or Effective Interrogation Technique?

When it comes to the topic of police interrogations, the good cop/bad cop scheme often springs to mind. This technique, which involves alternately befriending and intimidating a suspect, is commonly depicted in TV shows and movies, but does it really work in real-life scenarios?

Is the Good Cop/Bad Cop Scheme Mostly TV Drama?

While the good cop/bad cop technique may sound like a movie trope, it's not as prevalent as you might think in real-life police work. During my time dealing with suspects, I seldom heard it mentioned except occasionally by a first-time offender trying to appear knowledgeable. Even seasoned criminologists sometimes appear grumpy, but this is not necessarily a sign of bad behavior; it's usually just the reality of the environment.

The best interviewers in crime units are those who can maintain a neutral and polite demeanor. Maintaining a demeanor conducive to a truthful confession is a skill, and it's much more effective to clear and logically question a suspect, cross-reference their answers, and appropriately challenge them during an interview.

The Psychology Behind the Good Cop/Bad Cop Scheme

However, the good cop/bad cop scenario does have its basis in psychological principles. The good cop, who appears friendly and willing to help, may make the suspect feel comfortable enough to open up. On the other hand, the bad cop, who takes on a more assertive and intimidating role, can create pressure, causing the suspect to feel vulnerable.

Contrast plays a significant role; the good cop's kindness makes the bad cop's tough approach more effective. This method can lead suspects to bond and share more information, as they feel the need to appease the good cop.

The Reality of Modern Interrogations

Despite its psychological appeal, the good cop/bad cop technique is not a favored method among seasoned interrogators. It can lead to anger and intransigence. In my experience, this technique was once quite effective, but I was both the good cop and the bad cop—a role many find challenging. I disguised my true intentions so well that the suspect never realized the change in approach.

Modern interrogations rely more on clear and logical questioning, cross-referencing answers, and appropriate challenges to elicit truthfulness from suspects. These methods produce better outcomes, as they are consistent and transparent.

A Real-World Example

One night, while working for a train company, I experienced an unexpected situation that highlighted the importance of clear and logical questioning. As part of Amtrak's Sundowner train, I was called to investigate a collision that occurred at a grade crossing. The driver of the pickup truck ignored the train's signals and was struck at nearly forty miles an hour. Initially, I thought the situation would be grim, but to my surprise, there was a survivor.

The young lady, standing near the tracks, was visibly intoxicated. Despite her profanity and refusal to cooperate, I treated her with a sense of calm and reassurance. Navigating a challenging conversation with her, I managed to get her to cooperate with the investigation. After calming her and gaining her trust, she revealed to me that she believed the previous officer who had spoken to her was rude and unprofessional. She was glad that the officer I was, was friendly and helpful.

Through my clear and logical questioning and maintaining a calm demeanor, I gathered valuable information that led to the successful investigation of the incident. The take-away from this experience is that a little sugar and a lot of calmness often catch flies and criminals.

Conclusion

The good cop/bad cop scheme, while commonly depicted in media, may not be as effective in real-life police work. Modern interrogations rely on clear, logical questioning and maintaining a neutral, polite demeanor. The good cop/bad cop technique, while psychologically interesting, often produces more anger and intransigence rather than cooperation.

By understanding the psychology behind the technique and adopting more effective methods, law enforcement can achieve better outcomes. The key to successful interrogations is to maintain composure, provide reassurance, and ensure that the investigation is conducted in a transparent and ethical manner.